The Sherdukpen generally practice monogamy and trace their descent patrilineally. Their houses are built on strong stone foundations with their wall and floor made from thick wooden planks.

The Sherdukpen are agriculturalists, although hunting and traditional fishing methods are practised as well. Using simple tools, both shifting and permanent farming methods are used, and livestock such as ponies, cows, goats, sheep, fowls and bullocks are kept.

The Sherdukpen speak their own language, Sherdukpen, which isn't directly related with the neighbouring Bugun and Monpa language. It is possibly of Tibeto-Burman derivation

The Sherdukpen men wear a sleeveless cloth, which is made out of silk, with the two ends of the cloth which pins onto the shoulders that reach down to the knees. Made from Yak’s hair with tassels jutting down over the face, the gurdam skull-cap is mainly worn by the men. It is decorated with a white cockade and colourful band around its brim. The warriors are often seen carrying their Tibetan sword, with the support of a waistband. A bogre, a cloth woven from natural fibres, is tied around the shoulders to form a fold at the back.

The women wear a collarless and sleeveless cloth to cover them from the shoulders to the knees. A full-sleeved embroidered jacket and waist cloth, known as mushaiks, is worn over the cloak. The ladies tie their hair tied into a bun at the back, although most grown-up girls do not tie their tresses into a knot. Weaving is considered a feminine art, and most are able to weave clothings in a highly artistic manner.

The Sherdukpen adopted the Gelugpa sect of Tibetan Buddhism as with their northern neighbors, the Monpa who were also subjected to the evangelical influence of Mera Lama.[7] However, contrary to the Monpas, Sherdukpens are more inclined to their pre-Buddhist Animistic traditions, which is shown by the relative absence of any Buddhist Lamas within their tribe. Lamas from the Monpa and refugee Tibetan communities were invited to conduct Buddhist communal rituals whenever necessary.[7] The profound Animist influence is attributed to the prevalence of their traditional Shamans with which they also employ for certain religious activities, known as "Jiji" in the local tongue. Rituals pertaining to indigenous spirits, human sacrifice and blood are prevalent within Sherdukpen mythology and legends, which is characteristically absent in Tibetan Buddhism.

Sherdukpen Employees Welfare Association (SEWA) is an APEX body of Employees of Sherdukpen Tribe. The Association's prime objective is to serve the purpose of all the Employees of the Tribe. It was formed in the year 2007 and the first conference was held at Rupa the HQ of SEWA.

It has been instrumental in solving many issues of the Employees in general. Any Sherdukpen working in any organization whether it is Government, Non-Government, PSU or Private is the member of the society provided they are registered in the Association. There is no criteria accept that he or she is be a Sherdukpen by birth or married to any Sherdukpen Man as Sherdukpen tribe is Patriarchal by nature.

SEWA has Elected representative which is headed by President, 2 Vice Presidents, General Secretary, Assistant General Secretary, Joint Secretaries representing all the major villages of Sherdukpen Area, Treasurer, Chief Auditor, Auditors, Cultural Secretary, Sports Secretary, Assistant Cultural Secretary, Assistant Sports Secretary, President Women Wing, General Secretary Women Wing, etc. so that the Society can function systematically for a period of 3 (Three Years).